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Hyperbranched magnetic polymer: highly efficient removal of Cr(VI) and application in electroplating wastewater

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 10, Pages 1568-1580 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2303-2

Abstract: By using a two-step hydrothermal method and trithiocyanuric acid (TTCA), 2,4,6-trihydrazino-1,3,5-triazine (THT), and Fe₃O₄ as raw materials, a spherical magnetic adsorbent polymer (TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄) was synthesized to achieve the efficient removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater. Under optimal adsorption conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity of TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄ for Cr(VI) can reach 1340 mg∙g^‒1. Notably, the removal efficiency can approach 98.9%, even at the lower concentration of 20 mg∙L^‒1 Cr(VI). For actual wastewater containing Cr(VI), the Cr(VI) concentration was reduced from 25.8 to 0.4 mg∙L^‒1, a remarkable 20% lower than the current industry discharge standard value. A mechanism for the high adsorption performance of Cr(VI) on TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄ was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory. It can be plausibly attributed to the formation of Cr/N and Cr/S coordination bonds. Additionally, surface electrostatic adsorption, reduction effects, and the spherical polymer structure increase the contact area with Cr(VI), maximizing adsorption. The synergistic effect of adsorption and reduction enhances the adsorption performance of TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄ for Cr(VI) and total chromium in water. The resultant polymer has a simple preparation process, excellent adsorption performance, easy magnetic separation, and promising application for actual wastewater.

Keywords： magnetic polymer chromium removal hydrogen bonding recyclability actual wastewater

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The electrostatic-alloy bonding technique used in MEMS

WANG Wei, CHEN Wei-ping

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 238-241 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0011-5

Abstract: Electrostatic-alloy bonding of silicon wafer with glass deposited by Au to form Si/Au-glass water, andbonding of Si/Au-glass with silicon wafer were researched during fabrication of pressure sensors.then Si-Au alloy bonding was formed by annealing at 400vH for 2 h.The air sealability of the cavity after bonding was finally tested using the N filling method.The results indicate that large bond strength was obtained at the bonding interface.

Keywords： Si/Au-glass strength MEMS packaging process sandwich structure

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Ultraviolet exposure enhanced silicon direct bonding

Guanglan LIAO, Xuekun ZHANG, Xiaohui LIN, Canghai MA, Lei NIE, Tielin SHI,

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 87-92 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0078-x

Abstract: the traditional wet chemical activation processes, is applied to enhance hydrophilic silicon direct bondingThe effects of UV exposure on silicon wafers’ nano-topography and bonding strength are studied.The correlations of annealing temperature and annealing time vs. bonding strength are experimentallyResults indicate that the bonding strength increases sharply then gently with increasing annealing temperatureIt follows from the results that the bonding strength of silicon wafer pairs with UV exposure decreases

Keywords： ultraviolet (UV) exposure silicon direct bonding bonding strength reliability

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Patterned wafer bonding using ultraviolet adhesive

Rui ZHUO, Guanglan LIAO, Wenliang LIU, Lei NIE, Tielin SHI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2011, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 214-218 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0130-5

Abstract:

The process of patterned wafer bonding using ultraviolet (UV) adhesive as the intermediate layer wasappropriate pre-drying temperature (60°C), and predrying time (6 min), we obtained the intermediate layer bondingExperimental results indicate that patterned wafer bonding using UV adhesive is achieved under room temperaturehas advantages of easy operation, low cost, and no plugging or leakage in the patterned area after bondingPatterned wafer bonding using UV adhesive will have great potential in the fabrication of microfluidic

Keywords： ultraviolet (UV) adhesive intermediate layer patterned wafer bonding

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A space solar cell bonding robot

FU Zhuang, ZHAO Yan-zheng, LIU Ren-qiang, DONG Zhi

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 3, Pages 360-363 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0027-x

Abstract: A space solar cell bonding robot system which consists of a three-axis Cartesian coordinate s robot,coating device, bonding device, orientation plate, and control subsystem was studied.

Keywords： Cartesian coordinate thickness three-axis Cartesian orientation control subsystem

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Damage mode and failure mechanism of starch based API gluelam bonding

Shi Junyou,Xu Wenbiao and Wang Shumin

Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 40-44

Abstract:

The starch- based aqueous polymer isocycante（API）gluelam bonding as theresearch object，with tensile shear strength as a key evaluation index，accelerated aging tests on gluelam bondingto study damage mode and failure mechanism of the bonding The results show that：the adhesive fractureproperties of ductile fracture structure，and with the increase of aging time，the damage mode of the bonding

Keywords： bonding structure accelerated aging fracture character damage mode

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Towards Cr(VI)-free anodization of aluminum alloys for aerospace adhesive bonding applications: A review

Shoshan T. Abrahami, John M. M. de Kok, Herman Terryn, Johannes M. C. Mol

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 465-482 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1641-3

Abstract: For more than six decades, chromic acid anodizing (CAA) has been the central process in the surface pre-treatment of aluminum for adhesively bonded aircraft structures. Unfortunately, this electrolyte contains hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), a compound known for its toxicity and carcinogenic properties. To comply with the new strict international regulations, the Cr(VI)-era will soon have to come to an end. Anodizing aluminum in acid electrolytes produces a self-ordered porous oxide layer. Although different acids can be used to create this type of structure, the excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance that is currently achieved by the complete Cr(VI)-based process is not easily matched. This paper provides a critical overview and appraisal of proposed alternatives to CAA, including combinations of multiple anodizing steps, pre- and post anodizing treatments. The work is presented in terms of the modifications to the oxide properties, such as morphological features (e.g., pore size, barrier layer thickness) and surface chemistry, in order to evaluate the link between fundamental principles of adhesion and bond performance.

Keywords： aluminum Cr(VI)-free surface pre-treatments anodizing adhesive bonding

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ARC welding method for bonding steel with aluminum

Zhenyang LU, Pengfei HUANG, Wenning GAO, Yan LI, Hanpeng ZHANG, Shuyan YIN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2009, Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 134-146 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0033-x

Abstract: When welding steel with aluminum, the appearance of intermetallic compounds of Fe and Al will decrease tenacity and increase rigidity, which leads to bad joint performance. A new type of low energy input (LEI) welding technology is introduced which can be used to weld steel with aluminum. Using the technology, brazing was located on the steel side and arc fusion welding on the aluminum side. The less heat input reduces the thickness of intermetallic compounds to 3-4 μm. Tensile strength tests prove that the joint breaks at the heat-affected zone and the strength is higher than 70% of the aluminum’s. Thus, the method can lead to a good performance joint.

Keywords： joining of steel and aluminum low energy input welding arc welding fusion welding – brazing

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Packaging of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Based on Bulk Silicon Bonding and Film Sealed Technology

Wang Weiyuan,Wang Yuelin

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 6, Pages 56-62

Abstract: It is based on bulk silicon bonding technology and film sealed technology.The bulk silicon bonding technology includes electrostatic bonding, silicon direct bonding and interfaciallayer assisted bonding.

Keywords： packaging of MEMS bulk silicon bonding technology film-sealed technology

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A systemic review of hydrogen supply chain in energy transition

Frontiers in Energy 2023, Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 102-122 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0861-0

Abstract: Targeting the net-zero emission (NZE) by 2050, the hydrogen industry is drastically developing in recentHowever, the technologies of hydrogen upstream production, midstream transportation and storage, andIn this paper, the development of hydrogen industry from the production, transportation and storage,In the upstream, blue hydrogen is dominating the current hydrogen supply, and an implementation of carbonTo achieve an economic feasibility, green hydrogen needs to reduce its cost by 75% to approximately 2

Keywords： hydrogen production hydrogen transportation and storage hydrogen economy carbon capture and sequestration

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Recent advances of small-molecule fluorescent probes for detecting biological hydrogen sulfide

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 1, Pages 34-63 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2050-1

Abstract: Moreover, we also introduced some probes for hydrogen polysulfides.

Keywords： hydrogen sulfide fluorescent probe reducibility nucleophilicity copper sulfide precipitate hydrogen

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Production of hydrogen from fossil fuel: A review

Frontiers in Energy 2023, Volume 17, Issue 5, Pages 585-610 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0886-4

Abstract: Production of hydrogen, one of the most promising alternative clean fuels, through catalytic conversionCatalytic conversion of natural gas into hydrogen and carbon is thermodynamically favorable under atmosphericHowever, using noble metals as a catalyst is costly for hydrogen production, thus mandating non-nobleThis paper reviews the various hydrogen production methods from fossil fuels through pyrolysis, partialoxidation, autothermal, and steam reforming, emphasizing the catalytic production of hydrogen via steam

Keywords： methane catalytic conversion natural gas hydrogen production CCUS

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Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 1, Pages 667-677 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0767-7

Abstract: process large breadth of potential synthetic diversity are the representative of photocatalysts for hydrogenshowed a superior photocatalytic activity and a robust stability under visible-light irradiation, for hydrogenFinally, challenges and outlook on using organic polymer dots-based photocatalysts from hydrogen production

Keywords： polymer dots (Pdots) photocatalysis hydrogen production

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The opportunity of membrane technology for hydrogen purification in the power to hydrogen (P2H) roadmap

Hiep Thuan Lu, Wen Li, Ehsan Soroodan Miandoab, Shinji Kanehashi, Guoping Hu

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 464-482 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1983-0

Abstract: This can be achieved by converting the surplus renewable energy into hydrogen gas.effects on the pipelines and is a promising solution for hydrogen transportation and storage if theend-user purification technologies for hydrogen recovery from hydrogen enriched natural gas (HENG) areIn this review, promising membrane technologies for hydrogen separation is revisited and presented.purification in the power to hydrogen roadmap.

Keywords： power to hydrogen membrane technology hydrogen energy

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Development Strategy of Hydrogen Energy Industry in China

LingWen , Li Quansheng , Zhang Kai

Strategic Study of CAE 2022, Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages 80-88 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.009

Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is crucial for building a clean, low-carbon, safe, andIn this article, we expound on the progress of global hydrogen energy industry and summarize the developmentstatus of China’s hydrogen energy industry from the aspects of scale, characteristics, and policiesThe demand for and problems of China’s hydrogen energy industry are analyzed.of the entire hydrogen energy industry chain, and enhance hydrogen technology innovation to achieve

Keywords： hydrogen energy industry carbon neutralization carbon peak hydrogen production hydrogen supply hydrogen